SAQA All qualifications and part qualifications registered on the National Qualifications Framework are public property. Thus the only payment that can be made for them is for service and reproduction. It is illegal to sell this material for profit. If the material is reproduced or quoted, the South African Qualifications Authority (SAQA) should be acknowledged as the source.
SOUTH AFRICAN QUALIFICATIONS AUTHORITY 
REGISTERED UNIT STANDARD THAT HAS PASSED THE END DATE: 

Explain dairy production 
SAQA US ID UNIT STANDARD TITLE
116228  Explain dairy production 
ORIGINATOR
SGB Primary Agriculture 
PRIMARY OR DELEGATED QUALITY ASSURANCE FUNCTIONARY
-  
FIELD SUBFIELD
Field 01 - Agriculture and Nature Conservation Primary Agriculture 
ABET BAND UNIT STANDARD TYPE PRE-2009 NQF LEVEL NQF LEVEL CREDITS
Undefined  Regular  Level 3  NQF Level 03  6 
REGISTRATION STATUS REGISTRATION START DATE REGISTRATION END DATE SAQA DECISION NUMBER
Passed the End Date -
Status was "Reregistered" 		 2018-07-01  2023-06-30  SAQA 06120/18 
LAST DATE FOR ENROLMENT LAST DATE FOR ACHIEVEMENT
2024-06-30   2027-06-30  

In all of the tables in this document, both the pre-2009 NQF Level and the NQF Level is shown. In the text (purpose statements, qualification rules, etc), any references to NQF Levels are to the pre-2009 levels unless specifically stated otherwise.  

This unit standard does not replace any other unit standard and is not replaced by any other unit standard. 

PURPOSE OF THE UNIT STANDARD 
The learner achieving this unit standard will be able to describe the percentage range of major components of standard milk, know in broad terms the major end products of milk processing found in the market place and will be able to supervise all activities in the milking parlour. In addition they will be well positioned to extend their learning and practice into other areas of food production and agriculture.

Learners will gain specific knowledge and skills in dairy production and will be able to operate in an animal production environment implementing sustainable and economically viable production principles.

They will be capacitated to gain access to the mainstream agricultural sector, in animal production, impacting directly on the sustainability of the sub-sector. The improvement in production technology will also have a direct impact on the improvement of agricultural productivity of the sector. 

LEARNING ASSUMED TO BE IN PLACE AND RECOGNITION OF PRIOR LEARNING 
It is assumed that a learner attempting this unit standard will demonstrate competence against the unit standards or equivalent:
  • NQF2: Explain dairy production cleanliness.
  • NQF3: Observe and inspect animal health. 
    		•

    UNIT STANDARD RANGE 
    Whilst range statements have been defined generically to include as wide a set of alternatives as possible, all range statements should be interpreted within the specific context of application.

    Range statements are neither comprehensive nor necessarily appropriate to all contexts. Alternatives must however be comparable in scope and complexity. These are only as a general guide to scope and complexity of what is required. 

    Specific Outcomes and Assessment Criteria: 

    SPECIFIC OUTCOME 1 
    Describe the acceptable standard range of components of whole milk. 

    ASSESSMENT CRITERIA     

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 1 
    Minimum and normal levels of milk fat in milk of common dairy animals is defined. 

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 2 
    The normal average level of solids-not-fat (SNF) in milk of common dairy animals is defined. 

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 3 
    Milk samples for the various components by means of pre-programmed procedures are sampled and evaluated. 

    SPECIFIC OUTCOME 2 
    Identify and briefly describe the common end products of milk processing. 
    OUTCOME RANGE 
    End products include, but are not limited to butter, cheese, whey, maas, buttermilk or yoghurt. 

    ASSESSMENT CRITERIA     

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 1 
    The ability to define raw, pasteurised, homogenized and sterilized whole milk is demonstrated. 

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 2 
    The ability to distinguish between raw and pasteurised milk is demonstrated. 

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 3 
    The ability to compare the different processed milk products is demonstrated. 

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 4 
    The ability to understand the processes required to produce various end milk products is demonstrated. 

    SPECIFIC OUTCOME 3 
    Identify the main types of market outlets for the milk producer. 

    ASSESSMENT CRITERIA     

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 1 
    The ability to distinguish between markets is demonstrated. 
    ASSESSMENT CRITERION RANGE 
    Markets for milk include but are not limited to direct sales to the public sales to a central depot or processing plant, on farm use.
     

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 2 
    The ability to illustrate examples of simple on-farm milk processing is demonstrated. 

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 3 
    The ability to distinguish between various milk products provided to various markets based on type and quality is demonstrated. 

    SPECIFIC OUTCOME 4 
    Critically assess parlour hygiene routines. 

    ASSESSMENT CRITERIA     

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 1 
    Factors affecting cleanliness and hygiene in milk parlours is explained. 

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 2 
    The ability to sample for analysis of bacterial load in the milk parlour is demonstrated. 

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 3 
    The ability to identify inadequately cleaned sites is demonstrated. 

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 4 
    Factors affecting cleanliness of utensils and machines is explained. 

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 5 
    The ability to identify areas in utensils that are not cleaned effectively is demonstrated. 

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 6 
    The ability to identify weaknesses in the cleaning procedure for milking machines is demonstrated. 

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 7 
    The ability to institute corrective procedures is demonstrated. 

    SPECIFIC OUTCOME 5 
    Critically monitor efficiency of milk cooling devices. 

    ASSESSMENT CRITERIA     

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 1 
    Acceptable milk target temperatures are explained. 

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 2 
    The ability to identify whether cooling devices are working effectively is demonstrated. 

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 3 
    The ability to report and institute corrective action for any inefficiencies in the cooling system is demonstrated. 

    SPECIFIC OUTCOME 6 
    Critically assess milking methods in use. 

    ASSESSMENT CRITERIA     

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 1 
    The need for orderly milking routines is explained. 

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 2 
    The ability to ensure regular flow of animals in and out of the parlour based on the system used is demonstrated. 

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 3 
    The ability to ensure optimum operating vacuum pressure of milking machines is demonstrated. 

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 4 
    The ability to monitor the milking duration and completeness of milking of each individual animal and in a group is demonstrated. 

    SPECIFIC OUTCOME 7 
    Ensure regular recording routines are applied. 

    ASSESSMENT CRITERIA     

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 1 
    The ability to ensure maintenance of milk records is demonstrated. 

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 2 
    The ability to ensure mastitis incidence records is demonstrated. 

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 3 
    The ability to ensure maintenance of stored milk temperature records is demonstrated. 

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 4 
    The ability to ensure oestrus incidence of individual animals is demonstrated. 


    UNIT STANDARD ACCREDITATION AND MODERATION OPTIONS 
    The assessment of qualifying learners against this standard should meet the requirements of established assessment principles.

    It will be necessary to develop assessment activities and tools, which are appropriate to the contexts in which the qualifying learners are working. These activities and tools may include an appropriate combination of self-assessment and peer assessment, formative and summative assessment, portfolios and observations etc.

    The assessment should ensure that all the specific outcomes; critical cross-field outcomes and essential embedded knowledge are assessed.

    The specific outcomes must be assessed through observation of performance. Supporting evidence should be used to prove competence of specific outcomes only when they are not clearly seen in the actual performance.

    Essential embedded knowledge must be assessed in its own right, through oral or written evidence and cannot be assessed only by being observed.

    The specific outcomes and essential embedded knowledge must be assessed in relation to each other. If a qualifying learner is able to explain the essential embedded knowledge but is unable to perform the specific outcomes, they should not be assessed as competent. Similarly, if a qualifying learner is able to perform the specific outcomes but is unable to explain or justify their performance in terms of the essential embedded knowledge, then they should not be assessed as competent.

    Evidence of the specified critical cross-field outcomes should be found both in performance and in the essential embedded knowledge.

    Performance of specific outcomes must actively affirm target groups of qualifying learners, not unfairly discriminate against them. Qualifying learners should be able to justify their performance in terms of these values.
  • Anyone assessing a learner against this unit standard must be registered as an assessor with the relevant ETQA.
  • Any institution offering learning that will enable achievement of this unit standard or assessing this unit standard must be accredited as a provider with the relevant ETQA.
  • Moderation of assessment will be overseen by the relevant ETQA according to the moderation guidelines in the relevant qualification and the agreed ETQA procedures. 
    		•

    UNIT STANDARD ESSENTIAL EMBEDDED KNOWLEDGE 
    The person is able to demonstrate a basic knowledge of
  • The names and functions of relevant equipment, procedures and implements related to the milking parlour.
  • The sensory cues and systems involved in the parlour management.
  • The purpose of the implementation of specific procedures in the milking parlour.
  • The implication of the incorrect execution of procedures in the milking parlour.
  • Implemented procedures.
  • All applicable rules and codes of conduct relating to the handling and observation of animals and parlour hygiene.
  • The interrelations between the observations, procedures, the execution of procedures and the animal health issues.
  • Develop a two-way relationship with manager and co-workers in regard to responsibilities and reporting (Communication Skills).
  • Identify the various end products of milk parlours.
  • Hygiene.
  • Basic pathology. 
    		•

    UNIT STANDARD DEVELOPMENTAL OUTCOME 
    N/A 

    UNIT STANDARD LINKAGES 
    N/A 


    Critical Cross-field Outcomes (CCFO): 

    UNIT STANDARD CCFO IDENTIFYING 
    Problem solving relates to outcomes:
  • Identify the main types of market outlets for the milk producer.
  • Critically assess parlour hygiene routines.
  • Critically monitor efficiency of milk cooling devices.
  • Critically assess milking methods in use.
  • Ensure regular recording routines are applied. 
    		•

    UNIT STANDARD CCFO WORKING 
    Teamwork relates to outcomes:
  • Identify the main types of market outlets for the milk producer.
  • Critically assess parlour hygiene routines.
  • Critically monitor efficiency of milk cooling devices.
  • Critically assess milking methods in use.
  • Ensure regular recording routines are applied. 
    		•

    UNIT STANDARD CCFO ORGANISING 
    Self-management relates to all outcomes. 

    UNIT STANDARD CCFO COLLECTING 
    Interpret information relates to outcomes:
  • Identify the main types of market outlets for the milk producer.
  • Critically assess parlour hygiene routines.
  • Critically monitor efficiency of milk cooling devices.
  • Critically assess milking methods in use.
  • Ensure regular recording routines are applied. 
    		•

    UNIT STANDARD CCFO COMMUNICATING 
    Communication relates to all outcomes. 

    UNIT STANDARD CCFO SCIENCE 
    Science and Technology relates to all outcomes. 

    UNIT STANDARD CCFO DEMONSTRATING 
    The world as related systems relates to all outcomes. 

    UNIT STANDARD ASSESSOR CRITERIA 
    N/A 

    REREGISTRATION HISTORY 
    As per the SAQA Board decision/s at that time, this unit standard was Reregistered in 2012; 2015. 

    UNIT STANDARD NOTES 
    N/A 

    QUALIFICATIONS UTILISING THIS UNIT STANDARD: 
      ID QUALIFICATION TITLE PRE-2009 NQF LEVEL NQF LEVEL STATUS END DATE PRIMARY OR DELEGATED QA FUNCTIONARY
    Elective  49048   National Certificate: Animal Production  Level 3  NQF Level 03  Passed the End Date -
    Status was "Reregistered"     		 2023-06-30  AgriSETA 


    PROVIDERS CURRENTLY ACCREDITED TO OFFER THIS UNIT STANDARD: 
    This information shows the current accreditations (i.e. those not past their accreditation end dates), and is the most complete record available to SAQA as of today. Some Primary or Delegated Quality Assurance Functionaries have a lag in their recording systems for provider accreditation, in turn leading to a lag in notifying SAQA of all the providers that they have accredited to offer qualifications and unit standards, as well as any extensions to accreditation end dates. The relevant Primary or Delegated Quality Assurance Functionary should be notified if a record appears to be missing from here.
     
    1. Balemi Consulting Pty Ltd 
    2. Boikgantsho Consulting & Events 
    3. Cedara College of Agriculture 
    4. Fantique Trade 664 Cc 
    5. Heedmorine Training 
    6. Leruo ke Matla Training and Enterprise Development Services 
    7. Maishamalema Development Training 
    8. Mananthatshema Skills Dev. Centre 
    9. Matotomana Training & General Trading 
    10. Morwa Agri-development cc 
    11. Mvelo Consultant 
    12. Sekhukhune FET College - Central Office 
    13. Selipha Trading (Pty) Ltd 
    14. Setlakala Business Development 
    15. Suidwes Beleggings Eiendoms Beperk 
    16. TPN Training and Recruitment cc 
    17. Tripple R Training Provider 
    18. Vari Holdings (Pty)Ltd 
    19. Westco Agri Training 


    All qualifications and part qualifications registered on the National Qualifications Framework are public property. Thus the only payment that can be made for them is for service and reproduction. It is illegal to sell this material for profit. If the material is reproduced or quoted, the South African Qualifications Authority (SAQA) should be acknowledged as the source.