SAQA All qualifications and part qualifications registered on the National Qualifications Framework are public property. Thus the only payment that can be made for them is for service and reproduction. It is illegal to sell this material for profit. If the material is reproduced or quoted, the South African Qualifications Authority (SAQA) should be acknowledged as the source.
SOUTH AFRICAN QUALIFICATIONS AUTHORITY 
REGISTERED UNIT STANDARD THAT HAS PASSED THE END DATE: 

Mark shot and pilot holes in an underground mine 
SAQA US ID UNIT STANDARD TITLE
119097  Mark shot and pilot holes in an underground mine 
ORIGINATOR
SGB Mining and Minerals 
PRIMARY OR DELEGATED QUALITY ASSURANCE FUNCTIONARY
-  
FIELD SUBFIELD
Field 06 - Manufacturing, Engineering and Technology Fabrication and Extraction 
ABET BAND UNIT STANDARD TYPE PRE-2009 NQF LEVEL NQF LEVEL CREDITS
Undefined  Regular  Level 2  NQF Level 02  6 
REGISTRATION STATUS REGISTRATION START DATE REGISTRATION END DATE SAQA DECISION NUMBER
Passed the End Date -
Status was "Registered" 		 2005-11-30  2008-11-30  SAQA 0763/05 
LAST DATE FOR ENROLMENT LAST DATE FOR ACHIEVEMENT
2009-11-30   2012-11-30  

In all of the tables in this document, both the pre-2009 NQF Level and the NQF Level is shown. In the text (purpose statements, qualification rules, etc), any references to NQF Levels are to the pre-2009 levels unless specifically stated otherwise.  

This unit standard does not replace any other unit standard and is not replaced by any other unit standard. 

PURPOSE OF THE UNIT STANDARD 
This unit standard will be useful to people who are required to mark shot holes and pilot holes in an underground development end.

People credited with this unit standard are able to:
  • Explain specified requirements pertaining to the marking of shot holes and pilot holes.
  • Prepare to mark shot holes and pilot holes
  • Mark shot holes and pilot holes.
  • Range:
    > Underground development end
    > Underground stope 
    		•

    LEARNING ASSUMED TO BE IN PLACE AND RECOGNITION OF PRIOR LEARNING 
    The credit calculation is based on the assumption that learners are already competent in terms of the following outcomes or areas of learning when starting to learn towards this unit standard:
  • Follow basic health and safety practices pertaining to mining operations
  • Treat misfires and sockets
  • Test for flammable gas by means of a hand held electronic instrument and take appropriate action. 
    		•

    UNIT STANDARD RANGE 
    Specific range statements are provided in the body of the unit standard where they apply to particular specific outcomes or assessment criteria. 

    Specific Outcomes and Assessment Criteria: 

    SPECIFIC OUTCOME 1 
    Explain specified requirements pertaining to the marking of shot holes and pilot holes. 
    OUTCOME RANGE 
  • Underground development end
  • Underground end 
    		•

    ASSESSMENT CRITERIA     

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 1 
    The specified requirements when marking holes regarding support, footwall cleaning, distances that a person may mark a hole from sockets and misfires, dealing with misfires, explosives and sockets and the effects to health and safety if these requirements are not adhered to are explained. 

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 2 
    The specified requirements pertaining to the holing of a development end in terms of stopping distances, dimensions and the safety precautions to be taken when holing into another workplace and the effects to health, safety and production if these requirements are not adhered to are explained. 
    ASSESSMENT CRITERION RANGE 
    Range of safety precautions must include those pertaining to:
  • Flammable and noxious gases
  • Heat
  • Flooded areas
  • Misfires
  • Inadequate support in old areas to be mined into
     
    		•

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 3 
    The specified requirements regarding the marking of shot holes in terms of position and burden, direction and dip, when encountering geological discontinuities are explained. 
    ASSESSMENT CRITERION RANGE 
    Range of geological discontinuities must include:
  • Faults
  • Dykes
  • Sills
  • Fissures
  • Changes in the direction, dip and thickness of the ore body
  • Changes in the rock type, composition and hardness
     
    		•

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 4 
    The specified requirements regarding the marking of shot holes when encountering high stress environments are explained in terms of positions, burdens and excavation dimensions. 

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 5 
    The reasons for applying different marking patterns in a development end are explained. 
    ASSESSMENT CRITERION RANGE 
    Range of marking patterns must include:
  • Burn cut
  • Drag round
  • Wedge cut
     
    		•

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 6 
    The specified requirements in terms of how the burden and position, direction and dip of shot holes, type and quantity of explosives and timing of shot holes could affect rock fragmentation and heave are explained. 

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 7 
    The significant risks and consequences associated with the work related hazards pertaining to marking of shot holes are explained. 
    ASSESSMENT CRITERION RANGE 
    Range of work related hazards must include:
  • Using paint in confined spaces
  • Marking close to sharp rock edges
  • Grit liberated as a result of marking
     
    		•

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 8 
    The significant risks and consequences associated with the workplace hazards pertaining to marking of shot holes are explained. 
    ASSESSMENT CRITERION RANGE 
    Range of workplace hazards must include:
  • Unsafe ground conditions
  • Unsafe support conditions
  • Misfires, sockets and pilot holes accidentally charged with explosives
  • Slippery areas
  • Accumulation of water
  • Harmful gases
     
    		•

    SPECIFIC OUTCOME 2 
    Prepare to mark shot holes and pilot holes. 

    ASSESSMENT CRITERIA     

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 1 
    The required personal protective equipment is available, operational, fit for purpose and used in accordance with specified requirements. 

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 2 
    The required tools, material and equipment are available in the workplace, fit for purpose and operational according to specified requirements. 

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 3 
    The area where shot holes and pilot holes are to be marked is examined for workplace hazards and such hazards are dealt with according to specified requirements. 
    ASSESSMENT CRITERION RANGE 
    Range of workplace hazards must include:
  • Unsafe ground conditions
  • Unsafe support conditions
  • Misfires, sockets and pilot holes accidentally charged with explosives
  • Slippery areas
  • Accumulation of water
  • Harmful gases
     
    		•

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 4 
    The consequences to health, safety and production of not adhering to specified requirements when preparing to mark shot holes and pilot holes are explained. 
    ASSESSMENT CRITERION RANGE 
    Range of non-adherence to specified requirements must include:
  • Personal protective equipment
  • Selection and examination of tools, material and equipment
  • Area examination
     
    		•

    SPECIFIC OUTCOME 3 
    Mark shot holes. 

    ASSESSMENT CRITERIA     

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 1 
    The shot holes are marked according to specified requirements in terms of position, burden, direction, dip, grade and dimensions. 
    ASSESSMENT CRITERION RANGE 
    Range of marking shot holes must include:
  • Determining direction, grade and dimensions
  • Required marking pattern (including pilot holes)
  • Turn-offs and curves
  • Adaptation to geological discontinuities
  • Countering the effects of rock stresses
  • Ensuring the required rock fragmentation
  • Measures taken to rectify the identified causes of inefficient face advance during the previous blast
  • Application of relevant notes
     
    		•

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 2 
    The work related hazards related to the marking of shot holes are dealt with according to specified requirements. 
    ASSESSMENT CRITERION RANGE 
    Range of work related hazards must include:
  • Using paint in confined spaces
  • Marking close to sharp rock edges
  • Grit liberated as a result of marking
     
    		•

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 3 
    Tools and equipment are used according to specified requirements in terms of required type and manner of use. 

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 4 
    Tools and equipment are prepared and stored for subsequent use and those defective are dealt with according to specified requirements. 

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 5 
    Reports are completed and submitted according to specified requirements. 

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 6 
    Interpersonal interaction is positive, consistent with specified requirements, promotes effective teamwork and avoids dysfunctional conflict. 

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 7 
    The consequences to health, safety and production of not adhering to specified requirements when marking shot holes and pilot holes are explained. 
    ASSESSMENT CRITERION RANGE 
    Range of non-adherence to specified requirements must include:
  • Marking of holes
  • Use of tools, material and equipment
  • Preparation and storage of tools, material and equipment
  • Reports
  • Interpersonal interaction
     
    		•


    UNIT STANDARD ACCREDITATION AND MODERATION OPTIONS 
  • Anyone assessing a learner against this unit standard must be registered as an assessor with the relevant ETQA.
  • Any institution offering learning that will enable achievement of this unit standard must be accredited as a provider through the relevant ETQA by SAQA.
  • Moderation of assessment will be overseen by the relevant ETQA according to the moderation guidelines and the agreed ETQA procedures. 
    		•

    UNIT STANDARD ESSENTIAL EMBEDDED KNOWLEDGE 
    Essential embedded knowledge will be assessed through assessment of the specific outcomes in terms of the stipulated assessment criteria. Candidates are unlikely to achieve all the specific outcomes, to the standards described in the assessment criteria, without knowledge of the listed embedded knowledge. This means that for the most part, the possession or lack of the knowledge can be directly inferred from the quality of the candidate's performance. Where direct assessment of knowledge is required, assessment criteria have been included in the body of the unit standard. 

    UNIT STANDARD DEVELOPMENTAL OUTCOME 
    N/A 

    UNIT STANDARD LINKAGES 
    N/A 


    Critical Cross-field Outcomes (CCFO): 

    UNIT STANDARD CCFO IDENTIFYING 
    Identify and solve problems and make decisions using critical and creative thinking. 

    UNIT STANDARD CCFO WORKING 
    Work effectively with others as members of a team, group, organisation or community. 

    UNIT STANDARD CCFO ORGANISING 
    Organise and manage themselves and their activities responsibly and effectively. 

    UNIT STANDARD CCFO COLLECTING 
    Collect, analyse, organise and critically evaluate information. 

    UNIT STANDARD CCFO COMMUNICATING 
    Communicate effectively, using visual, mathematical and / or language skills in the modes of oral and / or written presentations. 

    UNIT STANDARD CCFO SCIENCE 
    Use science and technology effectively and critically showing responsibility towards the environment and health of others. 

    UNIT STANDARD CCFO DEMONSTRATING 
    Demonstrate an understanding of the world as a set of related systems by recognising that problem-solving contexts do not exist in isolation. 

    UNIT STANDARD ASSESSOR CRITERIA 
    N/A 

    UNIT STANDARD NOTES 
    Terminology

    Specified Requirements

    Specified requirements include legal and site-specific requirements and are contained in one or more of the following documents:

    Legal
  • Relevant Acts: e.g. Mine Health & Safety Act, 1996 (Act no 29/1996), and Minerals Act and Regulations, 1991 (Act no 50/1991).
  • Mandatory Codes of Practice
  • SABS and other relevant Standards
  • Chief Inspector of Mines' Directives

    Site Specific
  • Hazard Identification and Risk Assessments (HIRA)
  • Occupational Health and Safety Risk Management Programme
  • Managerial Instructions
  • Mine Standard Procedures
  • List of Recorded OH&S Risks
  • Working Guides
  • Equipment and Materials Specifications


    Notes To Assessors

    Assessors should keep the following principles in mind when designing and conducting assessments against this unit standard:
  • Focus the assessment activities on gathering evidence in terms of the main outcome expressed in the title to ensure assessment is integrated rather than fragmented. Remember we want to declare the person competent in terms of the title. Where assessment at title level is unmanageable, then focus assessment around each specific outcome, or groups of specific outcomes.
  • Make sure evidence is gathered across the entire range, wherever it applies. Assessment activities should be as close to the real performance as possible, and where simulations or role-plays are used, there should be supporting evidence to show the candidate is able to perform in the real situation.
  • Do not focus the assessment activities on each assessment criterion. Rather make sure the assessment activities focus on outcomes and are sufficient to enable evidence to be gathered around all the assessment criteria.
  • The assessment criteria provide the specifications against which assessment judgements should be made. In most cases, knowledge can be inferred from the quality of the performances, but in other cases, knowledge and understanding will have to be tested through questioning techniques. Where this is required, there will be assessment criteria to specify the standard required.
  • The task of the assessor is to gather sufficient evidence, of the prescribed type and quality, as specified in this unit standard, that the candidate can achieve the outcomes again and again and again. This means assessors will have to judge how many repeat performances are required before they believe the performance is reproducible.
  • All assessments should be conducted in line with the following well documented principles of assessment: appropriateness, fairness, manageability, integration into work or learning, validity, direct, authentic, sufficient, systematic, open and consistent


    Unit Standard Justification

    Level
  • Skills: Level 3: The skills required now have a significant variety and extend beyond the simple range
  • Procedures: Level 2: Although the procedure is known and familiar
  • Context: Level 2: Although the process could occur in different contexts, the contexts are repeatedly applicable and known to the candidate
  • Knowledge: Level 3: Relevant theoretical knowledge is required to be fully competent
  • Information processing: Level 2: Information is readily available but some processing is required
  • Problem Solving: Level 3: The key difference from level two is the application of some "judgement
  • Orientation of activities: Level 3: Follows instructions but has some autonomy to make own decisions and give instructions down ward
  • Application of responsibility: Level 2: Candidate's output is quality controlled.
  • Orientation of scope of responsibility: Level 2: Some responsibility towards quantity and quality

    Average Level: 22/9 = 2,4
    Actual Level Assigned: 2


    Credits

    Total hours required by the learner to achieve the required outcome:
  • Classroom Teaching: 24 hours
  • On-The-Job Training: 36 hours
  • Total: 60 hours

    Average credits: 60/10
    Actual credits assigned: 6 
    		•

    QUALIFICATIONS UTILISING THIS UNIT STANDARD: 
      ID QUALIFICATION TITLE PRE-2009 NQF LEVEL NQF LEVEL STATUS END DATE PRIMARY OR DELEGATED QA FUNCTIONARY
    Elective  49014   National Certificate: Rockbreaking: Underground Hard Rock  Level 3  NQF Level 03  Passed the End Date -
    Status was "Reregistered"     		 2007-08-16  Was MQA until Last Date for Achievement 


    PROVIDERS CURRENTLY ACCREDITED TO OFFER THIS UNIT STANDARD: 
    This information shows the current accreditations (i.e. those not past their accreditation end dates), and is the most complete record available to SAQA as of today. Some Primary or Delegated Quality Assurance Functionaries have a lag in their recording systems for provider accreditation, in turn leading to a lag in notifying SAQA of all the providers that they have accredited to offer qualifications and unit standards, as well as any extensions to accreditation end dates. The relevant Primary or Delegated Quality Assurance Functionary should be notified if a record appears to be missing from here.
     
    1. CONCOR PROJECTS PTY LTD 
    2. FOSKOR (PTY) LTD 
    3. HARMONY GOLD MINING CO LTD 
    4. MODIKWA MINING PERSONNEL SERVICES PTY L TD 
    5. NORTHAM PLATINUM LTD 
    6. PALABORA COPPER (PTY) LTD 
    7. SENZEKO EXECUTIVE RISK CC 
    8. SIBANYE GOLD ACADEMY PROPRIETARY LIMITED 


    All qualifications and part qualifications registered on the National Qualifications Framework are public property. Thus the only payment that can be made for them is for service and reproduction. It is illegal to sell this material for profit. If the material is reproduced or quoted, the South African Qualifications Authority (SAQA) should be acknowledged as the source.